Liu JM, et al. - As the treatment for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) mainly comprise androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), researchers investigated the association between ADT and autoimmune diseases. A population-based nationwide cohort study of 17,168 patients newly diagnosed with PCa was conducted between 1996 and 2013 using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Analyzing the 14,444 patients who met all the inclusion and exclusion criteria, they identified a decreased risk of autoimmune diseases in correlation with ADT use in patients with PCa. These novel findings suggest that androgen deprivation therapy has a potential role in the modification of inflammation and autoimmunity in Asian patients with prostate cancer.