Nomura H, Aoki D, Susumu N, et al. - Researchers undertook a randomized phase III trial (JGOG2043) to examine the patterns and risk factors of relapse following postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for endometrial cancer. They analyzed overall 193 patients. Of these, local relapse and distant relapse was suffered by 50% and 63%, respectively. In 83%, relapse was confirmed on imaging. The occurrence of relapse after adjuvant chemotherapy was commonly documented by 1-year posttreatment, with common relapse sites of the abdominal cavity and regional lymph nodes. The median post-relapse overall survival (RS) was estimated to be 23.9 months. Factors that were independently associated with poor RS in multivariate analysis were CA125 ≥ 100 U/mL prior to relapse, distant metastasis, disease-free interval (DFI) ≤ 12 months, and not performing para-aortic lymphadenectomy. A correlation of RS with DFI and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was revealed, among treatment-associated factors.