Nomura H, Aoki D, Susumu N, et al. - In this randomized phase III trial, researchers explored the patterns and risk factors of relapse following postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for endometrial cancer. They analyzed overall 193 patients. Data reported that 50% had a local relapse and 63% had a distant relapse. In 83%, relapse was confirmed on imaging. The median postrelapse overall survival (RS) was estimated to be 23.9 months. Factors that were independently associated with poor RS in multivariate analysis were CA125 ≥ 100 U/mL prior to relapse, distant metastasis, disease-free interval (DFI) ≤ 12 months, and not performing para-aortic lymphadenectomy. The occurrence of relapse after adjuvant chemotherapy was commonly documented by 1-year posttreatment, with common relapse sites of the abdominal cavity and regional lymph nodes. A correlation of RS with DFI and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was revealed, among treatment-associated factors.