Weber BC, et al. - Researchers sought to assess the prevalence of middle ear disease in infants referred for failed newborn hearing screening (NBHS). They also reviewed the patient outcomes after intervention in order to propose an evidence-based protocol for management of newborns with otitis media with effusion (OME) who fail NBHS. For children with suspected middle ear pathology and failed NBHS, an effective initial management plan was diagnostic operative microscopy with the placement of a ventilation tube in the presence of a MEE along with either intra-operative auditory brainstem response (ABR) or close follow-up ABR. The identification and treatment of babies with a conductive component due to OME, accurate diagnosing of an underlying sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) component and for prompt aural rehabilitation were allowed by this.