Ishimatsu K, Nishie A, Takayama Y, et al. - This prospective study was undertaken to determine if amide proton transfer (APT) imaging was useful to differentiate benign ovarian cystic lesions. The study sample consisted of 19 lesions in 18 patients with benign ovarian cystic lesion: serous cystadenoma (SCA), n = 4; mucinous cystadenoma (MCA), n = 9; or functional cyst (FC), n = 6. According to results, the APT signals were 1.41 ± 0.71% in SCA, 5.15 ± 1.92% in MCA and 8.52 ± 1.17% in FC when using 2.0 s of presaturation. Significant differences between SCA and MCA and MCA and FC and between SCA and FC have been noted. Findings suggested that APT imaging could be helpful for the non-invasive diagnosis of benign ovarian cystic lesions. APT imaging can provide an early and accurate diagnosis of ovarian cystic lesions without additional follow-up studies by using the longer presaturation pulse as necessary.