Lavalett L, et al. - Researchers used bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to perform whole genome microarray transcriptional profiling on RNA isolated from alveolar macrophages (AMs) from tuberculosis (TB) patients (AMsTB) compared to AMs from control subjects (AMsCT), presuming that systemic impacts on the local lung microenvironment during TB affect the transcriptional response of AMsTB. Findings suggested that inability of AMsTB to effectively control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection may be partially ascribed to the observed changes in mRNA expression profiles, indicating the importance of a balanced control of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses for infection control.