Campbell JR, Trajman A, Cook VJ, et al. - As the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection is limited by the occurrence of adverse events with isoniazid, researchers here sought for risk factors for adverse events during latent tuberculosis infection treatment via combining populations from phase 2 and phase 3 open-label, randomized controlled trials that were performed in health-care facilities in Australia, Benin, Brazil, Canada, Ghana, Guinea, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea. Consenting adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with a positive latent tuberculosis infection diagnostic test, indication for treatment, and without contraindications to rifampicin or isoniazid, were the participants. Random assignment of patients 1:1 to 4 months of daily 10 mg/kg rifampicin or 9 months of daily 5 mg/kg isoniazid was performed. The safety populations comprised 3,205 individuals receiving isoniazid and 3,280 receiving rifampicin. Outcomes suggest rifampicin as possibly the safest latent tuberculosis infection treatment option for patients without a contraindication. They observed the association of age with adverse events in adults receiving isoniazid; compared with individuals aged 18–34 years, individuals aged 35–64 years had the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for adverse events of 1·8 (95% CI 1·1–3·0) and individuals aged 65–90 years had the adjusted OR for adverse events of 3·0 (1·2–6·8). Rare, but serious adverse events might be seen with the more widespread use of rifampicin. With rifampicin, inconsistent medication adherence and concomitant medication use, but not age, were associated with adverse events. Rifampicin vs isoniazid appeared safer within these randomized trials. Therefore, they favor rifampicin as a primary treatment option for latent tuberculosis infection based on its safety.