Thaden JJ, Malouf JF, Rehfeldt KH, et al. - Researchers serve a comprehensive review of their institution's experience with intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography, demonstrating a practical assessment of commonly encountered noncongenital surgical heart lesions in adults, anticipation of potential surgical complications, and imaging techniques to facilitate timely surgical correction of unsatisfactory outcomes. This study revealed that intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is a mature imaging modality and critical component of contemporary heart surgery, in which it plays a key role in surgical planning, determination of cardiac chamber filling and function early after cardiopulmonary bypass, and timely evaluation of surgical interventions. The evidence suggested that intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography affords the unique opportunity to correct suboptimal surgical outcomes before leaving the operating room.