Seisen T, et al. - In this study, researchers assessed the comparative efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) vs observation for patients with pT3/T4 and/or pN⁺ urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) previously treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC). They found that AC after NAC and RC may be associated with an overall survival benefit for patients with pT3/T4 and/or pN⁺ UCB.