Felip E, Altorki N, Zhou C, et al. - Administration of atezolizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with resected early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) provides a promising treatment strategy.

• A randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study (IMpower010) was conducted including patients (18 years or older) with completely resected stage IB (tumors ≥4 cm) to IIIA NSCLC.

• A total of 1,280 patients were enrolled post-complete resection; 1,269 treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, of whom 1,005 met eligibility for randomization to atezolizumab (n=507) or best supportive care (n=498); 495 in each group underwent treatment.

• Atezolizumab conferred a disease-free survival benefit vs best supportive care after adjuvant chemotherapy in all patients with resected stage II–IIIA NSCLC (HR 0·79).

• Such benefit was pronounced in the subgroup whose tumors expressed PD-L1 on 1% or more of tumor cells (HR 0·66).

• HR for disease-free survival, in the intention-to-treat population, was estimated to be 0·81 (0·67–0·99).

• No new safety signals were identified.