Schulpen M, et al. - Using data from men (n=58,279) and women (n=62,573), researchers focused on the link between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and risks of prostate and bladder cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Participants completed a baseline questionnaire on diet and other cancer risk factors, and follow-up was done over 20.3 years. In the NLCS, no link was evident between MD adherence (assessed by the alternate Mediterranean diet score without alcohol or other MD scores) and reduced risks of advanced prostate cancer and bladder cancer. For nonadvanced prostate cancer risk, positive links were observed that could be explained by higher levels of care-seeking behavior, screening attendance and prostate cancer awareness in better educated men with healthier lifestyles.