Werbrouck A, et al. - Researchers explored the literature on cost and cost-effectiveness of screening and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Five databases were searched systematically for relevant studies; eligibility criteria included women with prior GDM, post-partum screening or prevention of T2DM, and health-economic evaluations. Publications in English, Dutch, French or German were included. Using the Consensus Health Economic Criteria checklist, the investigators assessed the quality of the studies identified. Based on the limited results of this systematic review, the authors noted a 3-year oral glucose tolerance test results in the lowest cost per case detected, and prevention can be cost-effective or cost-saving. However, there is a large literature gap concerning the costs and cost-effectiveness of T2DM screening and prevention programs in women with prior GDM. More health-economic assessments are required to compare all relevant alternatives.