Langston ME, et al. - Given previous meta-analyses estimating summary positive associations between clinical prostatitis and prostate cancer, researchers here accounted for detection bias, the possibility for increased prostate cancer screening and detection in men with clinical prostatitis, in their pooled estimates. Although all 38 eligible studies suggest increased odds of prostate cancer among men with a history of clinical prostatitis, this estimate attenuated to null among studies that performed the most rigorous analyses to limit detection bias. Findings thereby suggest a possible influence of detection bias in previous reports of positive associations between clinical prostatitis and prostate cancer.