Schellac N, et al. - Authors here sought to describe alternative mechanisms of assessing antimicrobial consumption data such as Intercontinental Marketing Services (IMS), and contract data arising from tenders (an open Request for Proposal, RFP) as opposed to the international norms of daily defined doses per 100 patient days, or per 1000 of the population. They realized that knowledge of antimicrobial utilisation was imperative to make meaningful future interventions. Baseline antimicrobial utilisation data could provide guidance for future research initiatives that could enhance the understanding of the different measures of antibiotic use and the level of antibiotic resistance.