Li DL, et al. - From December 2009 to December 2015, researchers evaluated 9591 cases to assess the predicting factors of atrial fibrillation (AF) in people with preclinical diastolic dysfunction (PDD) - diastolic dysfunction without clinical heart failure – and also to develop a risk score. About 455 subjects were reported with developed AF during a median follow-up of 54 months. They included advanced age, male gender, race, hypertension, diabetes, and peripheral artery disease under independent predictors of AF. They recorded Wolber’s concordance index of 0.65 (0.63–0.68) in a risk score, implying good differentiation.