Kamlin COF, Schmölzer GM, Dawson JA, et al. - Researchers examined whether the incidence of airway obstruction among infants < 34 weeks’ gestational age could be reduced with the use of an oropharyngeal airway (OPA) with mask positive pressure ventilation (PPV) in the delivery room (DR) during stabilization. They performed an international two center unblinded randomized trial including 137 infants who were assessed by the clinical team to require PPV. The infants were randomly assigned to undergo PPV using a T Piece device with either a soft round face mask alone or in combination with an appropriately sized OPA. Resuscitation protocols were standardized. Measurement of respiratory function during the first five minutes of stabilization was done using a hot-wire anemometer flow sensor. Observations revealed a common occurrence of airway obstruction in preterm infants receiving mask ventilation in the DR. Significant increase in the incidence of airway obstruction was observed in correlation to using an oropharyngeal airway.