Choudhury Y, et al. - Researchers evaluated CLEAR score (CS), a multigene prognostic expression score for clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) (Eur Urol 2015) previously linked with TKI outcomes, as a biomarker for response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in ccRCC. CS, containing components of chemokine signaling, results from the expression of eight genes in ccRCC tumor tissue and intervening stroma. Taking this into account, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+) and PD-L1 were analyzed via immunohistochemistry of ccRCC tumor tissue (n = 24; matched CS also derived from same tissue). They assessed the correlation between tumor CS and response outcome to anti-PD-1 therapy in RCC patients who were treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab after progression on anti-angiogenic therapy (n = 12). For the first time ever, a multi-gene score was found to correlate with immune phenotypes in ccRCC. Findings revealed a good correlation of CS with intratumor/stromal CD8+ cell infiltration. CS was also found to be a possible biomarker for anti-PD-1 therapy response. The observed correlation between high CS (associated with poor prognostic tumors) and better responses was consistent with clinical trial data.