van Zanten HA, Kuypers KLAM, van Zwet EW, et al. - Experts wanted to see if using a respiratory function monitor (RFM) during PPV of extremely preterm infants at birth, compared with not using an RFM, increases the percentage of inflations with an expiratory tidal volume (Vte) within a predefined target range. Unmasked, randomized clinical trial conducted in 7 neonatal intensive care units in 6 countries from October 2013 to May 2019. Very preterm infants (24-27 weeks gestation) who received PPV at birth were randomly assigned to have or not have an RFM screen visible. A total of 51,352 inflations were examined in 288 randomly selected infants (median (IQR) gestational age 26 ⁺² (25 ⁺³ -27 ⁺¹) weeks). The use of an RFM as guidance for tidal volume delivery in very preterm infants receiving PPV at birth did not increase the percentage of inflations in a predefined target range when compared with no RFM.