Bengtsen MB, Støy J, Rittig NF, et al. - In a randomized, crossover, 2x2 factorial design, researchers ascertained if the metabolic responses and insulin sensitivity are impaired and if they are influenced by short-lived antecedent hypoglycemia in participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Nine T1D male participants and 9 comparable control candidates underwent 30 minutes of hypoglycemia (p-glucose < 2.9 mmol/L) followed by a euglycemic clamp on 2 separate interventions: with and without 30 minutes of hypoglycemia the day before the study day. Participants with T1D showed insulin resistance and impaired hormonal counter-regulation during hypoglycemia, while glucose and fatty acid fluxes were intact and ketogenic responses were amplified. Subtle intracellular signaling alterations and no impact of short-lived antecedent hypoglycemia on subsequent counter-regulation were observed. This plausibly indicates the existence of insulin resistance and suggests that T1D is a condition with defective hormonal but preserved metabolic responsiveness to short-lived hypoglycemia.