Van de Ven K, Ritter A, Vuong T, et al. - This study was undertaken to investigate the differences between these two alcohol and other drug treatment provider types in Australia. This study divided into three sections: the service (e.g., treatment types), workforce (e.g., the total number of staff); and funding and procurement arrangements (e.g., contract length). A total of 207 site surveys have completed this study. These services are more vulnerable than their government counterparts, despite the reliance on non-government organizations to provide the majority of specialist care (71% of all treatment episodes in Australia). The findings demonstrate that procurement arrangements that support stability and security in non-government service providers and government service providers are essential to ensure that a comprehensive suite of treatment services is available.