Several countries suspended the use of AstraZeneca's vaccine on March 11, over blood clot fears, prompting Europe's medical agency to quickly reassure the public there were no known health risks linked to the jab.

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The melee over the vaccine came as the world marked one year since the pandemic was officially declared, and threatened to dim hopes that inoculations are the ticket to returning to normal life.

The virus has now killed more than 2.6 million people, subjected billions to anti-COVID restrictions, and left the global economy in tatters - an outcome unimaginable at the outset of the crisis.

A year on, several countries are looking to peel back restrictions put in place after second - or even third - waves and ramp up vaccine rollouts as a way out of the crisis.

But that momentum hit a snag Thursday as Denmark, Norway and Iceland all suspended the use of the Oxford/AstraZeneca jab over fears it could be linked to blood clots.

Italy joined them, banning a batch of the vaccine as a precaution, even as its medicines regulator said there was currently no established link with the alleged side-effects.

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued a statement seeking to assuage fears.

"The information available so far indicates that the number of thromboembolic events in vaccinated people is no higher than that seen in the general population," the EMA told AFP by email.

The UK called the jab "safe and effective".

"When people are asked to come forward and take it, they should do so in confidence," British Prime Minister Boris Johnson's spokesman said, as AstraZeneca shares plunged by more than 2.5 percent on the stock exchange.

French Health Minister Olivier Veran said there was "no need" to suspend use of the vaccine.

Gavi, which co-leads the Covax program for ensuring vaccines are equitably distributed globally, said it would wait to hear what the World Health Organization had to say.

EU approves new jab

European Union countries are eager to speed up vaccine drives after a slow start left the bloc behind the United States, Israel and Britain - leaders in the race to immunize.

Any further AstraZeneca suspensions could hamper already slow progress, with the EU under pressure to catch up and populations eager to return to a pre-pandemic reality.

On Thursday, the EMA approved the single-shot Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which is stored at warmer temperatures than its competitors and is easier to distribute.

"Authorities across the European Union will have another option to combat the pandemic and protect the lives and health of their citizens," EMA chief Emer Cooke said in a statement.

Adding to the optimism on Thursday, a real-world study in Israel showed the Pfizer/BioNTech jabs to be 97 percent effective against symptomatic COVID cases, higher than originally thought.

'War footing'

Since first emerging in China at the end of 2019, the coronavirus has infected nearly 118 million people, with few parts of the globe left untouched.

The WHO officially declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11 last year as infection numbers were beginning to explode across Asia and Europe.

The only defenses to the contagious virus then appeared to be face masks and stopping people from interacting.

Global aviation came to a near-standstill and governments imposed deeply unpopular restrictions, forcing billions of fearful people into some form of lockdown.

"We are on a war footing," Corinne Krencker, the head of a hospital network in eastern France told AFP on March 11 last year, as patient and death numbers began to surge.

Today, more than 300 million vaccine doses have been administered in 140 countries, according to an AFP tally.

'Light at the end of the tunnel'

Governments have started to cautiously roll back measures put in place over what turned out to be a deadly winter in many spots.

Greece hopes to reopen for tourists in mid-May, a government official said Thursday.

France said it would ease travel restrictions from seven countries - including the UK - while Portugal was set to lift some of its anti-virus measures later Thursday.

Portugal said it would reopen nurseries and primary schools on Monday, as part of a phased plan to ease the country's COVID-19 restrictions.

And the sports world - after a year of cancelled or spectator-less matches - also looked to a return to normal thanks to more jabs.

The International Olympic Committee said athletes at the Tokyo Games and the 2022 Beijing Winter Games would be offered vaccines bought from China.

Meanwhile, in the United States, congress passed one of its biggest stimulus efforts ever - a US$1.9-trillion package that President Joe Biden said would give struggling American families a "fighting chance".

Vaccination efforts there have gained momentum in recent weeks, with Biden vowing to have enough doses in place within months for the entire population in a country that has already clocked some 529,000 deaths, the highest in the world.

Biden will deliver a prime-time address on Thursday in which he will offer an optimistic vision for his nation.

"There is real reason for hope, folks, I promise you," Biden said in a preview of his remarks.

"There is light at the end of the tunnel."

© Agence France-Presse