In 2011, the 46 World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (AFR) member states established a goal of measles elimination by 2020, by achieving 1) >=95% coverage of their target populations with the first dose of measles–containing vaccine (MCV1) at national and district levels; 2) >=95% coverage with measles–containing vaccine (MCV) per district during supplemental immunization activities (SIAs); and 3) confirmed measles incidence of <1 case per 1 million population in all countries. Two key surveillance performance indicator targets include 1) investigating >=2 cases of nonmeasles febrile rash illness per 100,000 population annually, and 2) obtaining a blood specimen from >=1 suspected measles case in >=80% of districts annually. This report updates the previous report and describes progress toward measles elimination in AFR during 2013–2016. Estimated regional MCV1 coverage† increased from 71% in 2013 to 74% in 2015. Seven (15%) countries achieved >=95% MCV1 coverage in 2015. The number of countries providing a routine second MCV dose (MCV2) increased from 11 (24%) in 2013 to 23 (49%) in 2015. Forty–one (79%) of 52 SIAs during 2013–2016 reported >=95% coverage. Both surveillance targets were met in 19 (40%) countries in 2016. Confirmed measles incidence in AFR decreased from 76.3 per 1 million population to 27.9 during 2013–2016. To eliminate measles by 2020, AFR countries and partners need to 1) achieve >=95% 2–dose MCV coverage through improved immunization services, including second dose (MCV2) introduction; 2) improve SIA quality by preparing 12–15 months in advance, and using readiness, intra–SIA, and post–SIA assessment tools; 3) fully implement elimination–standard surveillance; 4) conduct annual district–level risk assessments; and 5) establish national committees and a regional commission for the verification of measles elimination.