Asthma, a chronic respiratory condition affecting millions worldwide, requires comprehensive care that goes beyond the mere provision of medical treatment. Shared decision-making (SDM) between physicians and patients is an integral part of its treatment. By involving patients in decision-making processes, physicians can enhance patient satisfaction, improve treatment adherence, and ultimately optimize asthma management outcomes.

 

Shared decision-making empowers patients

 

SDM empowers patients by providing them with information and involving them in discussions regarding their asthma management. Traditionally, physicians have held an authoritative role in medical decision-making. However, with increasing informational resources and a growing emphasis on patient-centred care, SDM has become essential.

 

Research shows that empowering patients through SDM means they are more likely to adhere to treatment plans, take responsibility for self-management, and actively participate in their care.

Elwyn G, Frosch D, Thomson R, et al. Shared decision making: a model for clinical practice. J Gen Intern Med. 2012;27(10):1361–1367.

 

 

Tailored treatment plans

 

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with varying triggers, symptom severity, and treatment response among individuals. Implementing SDM enables physicians to understand the unique needs and preferences of each patient. By taking into account factors such as lifestyle, comorbidities, and personal goals, physicians can collaboratively develop individualized treatment plans.

Involving patients in discussions regarding their treatment options allows them to voice their concerns, ask questions, and express their preferences. This ultimately allows for a more personalized treatment plan, offering a holistic approach to asthma management and going beyond mere medication prescription. Patients may become involved in discussions regarding the use of inhalers or biologics, the role of environmental modifications, the importance of adherence to medication, and the integration of self-management strategies into daily routines.

 

Improving communication and trust

 

SDM provides an avenue for open and honest conversations, fostering trust and mutual understanding.

Effective communication between physicians and patients is crucial for successful asthma management.

A systematic review from Quebec University Hospital Center found SDM improves communication between physicians and patients.

Légaré F, Ratté S, Stacey D, et al. Interventions for improving the adoption of shared decision making by healthcare professionals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 May 12;(5):CD006732.

When patients feel heard and respected, they are more likely to disclose relevant information, such as triggers, symptom patterns, and concerns about medication side effects. This information is essential for physicians to make accurate diagnoses and develop appropriate treatment plans. Conversely, physicians can provide patients with accurate and comprehensible information, clarify any misconceptions, and address any fears or anxieties.

 

This approach not only strengthens the patient-physician relationship but also encourages patient engagement in their care plan. Ultimately, improved communication and trust contribute to enhanced patient satisfaction, increased treatment adherence, and improved health outcomes.

 

Available tools to foster SDM  

 

The American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) has created tools for patients to help them with SDM for various conditions. These interactive tools include a symptom test and specific SDM aids.

Interactive Tools. American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. 2023.

ACAAI also created the Severe Asthma Shared Decision-Making Toolkit; physicians can access the Toolkit by becoming a member of the ACAAI, which is free for all medical residents.